| 18.2.2014. 18:13 |
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novi podaci o Holokaustu
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Shedding Light on a Vast Toll of Jews Killed Away From the Death Camps
Novija istraživanja i svjedočenja su ukazala da je trećina ili čak i više ubijenih šest milijuna Židova stradalo izvan logora smrti, u selima, šumama, kućama - to se naziva “Holocaust by bullets" (Holokaust mecima)..
Nakon oslobađanja koncentracijskih logora i spoznaje o strahotama u njima, sva je pažnja bila usmjerena na logore, i međunarodni dan Holokausta se obilježava na dan kada je oslobođen Auschwitz. O umorstvima i zvjerstvima koja su činjena na području Istočne Europe, nakon nastanka "Željezne zavjese"malo se znalo ili svedočilo.
U ovom članku se govori o naporima da se istraži i taj dio povijesti Holokausta.
OSWIECIM, Poland — As one gazes out from the main watchtower at the grim desert that is the crumbling chimneys and crematories, vanished prisoners’ huts, barbed wire and ditches of Auschwitz-Birkenau, it is hard to fathom that there were corners of the Nazi realm where, collectively, more killing occurred than at Auschwitz.
Monday, the 69th anniversary of the day Soviet forces liberated Auschwitz, was observed as International Holocaust Remembrance Day. Yet a third or more of the almost six million Jews killed in the Holocaust perished not in the industrial-scale murder of the camps, but in executions at what historians call killing sites: thousands of villages, quarries, forests, wells, streets and homes that dot the map of Eastern Europe.
The vast numbers killed in what some have termed a “Holocaust by bullets” have slowly garnered greater attention in recent years as historians sift through often sketchy and incomplete records that became available after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
As the number of Holocaust survivors gradually declines, these documents or witness accounts — from Belarus, Ukraine, parts of Russia and the Baltic States — have illuminated a new picture of the Nazis’ methods....
In the years after 1945, the executions were not discussed much. The shock of the discovery of concentration camps was one factor. The camps had survivors, found in place, who told their unimaginable tale. By contrast, the local executions terrorized and silenced survivors in the eastern regions. In addition, after World War II, many witnesses were left behind the Iron Curtain, and no one was interested in their memories....
One man who has sought out testimony for 12 years is the Rev. Patrick Desbois, a Roman Catholic priest from France who became involved after stumbling across Rava-Ruska, the location of a World War II prison camp in Ukraine for French soldiers where his paternal grandfather was interned.
The killing was “secret for Western countries, at a high level,” he said. “It was ultrapublic in a village.”
Father Desbois has worked with the American Jewish Committee on five sites in Ukraine and Belarus to clear them, find their parameters and have them marked. One difficulty, said Deidre Berger, the head of the committee in Berlin, is that Jewish tradition prohibits exhumation....
In bringing more killing sites to light, said Thomas Lutz, who is the head of the striking memorial in Berlin known as the Topography of Terror, the aim should be “to give back the names of as many people as possible.”...
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